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First Report ANAMED SEMINAR Ikposogye, October 10th to 16th, 2008 Day 1 October 10th, 2008 Report written by Miss Nwou A. Pwol, typed by Mrs. Regula Rudolf Preamble The seminar started with a devotion and the text was taken from 1. Peter 2,1-10. The participants were challenged to emulate the attitude of Jesus in the above passage. They should be honest to say what they can do and what they cannot do. At anamed we want to test ourselves, our environment and the natural gifts (plants). The disciples were not doctors, but Jesus told them to go and care for the diseases that they came across (AIDS is included). The participants were all encouraged to be good mothers to our environments. Introduction of Participants There was need for the participants to know and get acquainted with each other, since they were going to study as a community for a week. Participants introduced themselves, giving their name, organization and their responsibility. Technical Remarks The remarks were meant to give a code of conduct to the community. Dr. Martin facilitated this, while the participants brought out basic rules to guide them in the course of the workshop. Basic Rules
Responsibilities during the seminar Health Team: Mrs. Esther Anthony and Mr. Justine Chebe Social Team: Mrs. Comfort Dauda Shehu and Mr. Yusufu Simon Jaltutu Reporter: Miss Nvou Adamu Pwal Dr. Martin gave out copies of songs that he said would be sung every day of the workshop. Objectives of the Workshop Participants were asked to give the reasons of their attending the workshop and the following was their response:
Group Work Participants were divides into three groups and were given the task to identify prevailing diseases in their communities and the natural plants that can be used as medicine for such diseases.
Group Work Session Participants were asked to write down the advantages of both traditional medicine and modern medicine. The meaning of the name "anamed" A Action Anamed combines the advantages of traditional and modern medicine. Identification of Plants Participants were given posters of unlabelled medicinal plants. They were asked to identify those they know and write the name in English, Latin or their local language. Participants were sent out to look in the garden for those medicinal plants they know and could identify, also such they had been using and are not on the poster. Practical Work Participants were taught how to cultivate 4 important plants in anamed, such as Hibiscus sabdariffa, Artemisia annua anamed (A-3), Moringa oleifera and Moringa stenopetala. Participants were given seedbeds and jiffy pots. They planted the seeds of these four plants. Economic importance of the above mentioned plants are
Day 2 October 11th, 2008 Devotion Dr. Martin read from Luke 10, 24-35. We should have concern for the people in our communities, giving them spiritual care, food and medicine. All anamed members should emulate the attitude of the Good Samaritan. Rev. Samuel said a prayer. Dr. Martin gave the detailed description of plants on the poster and the diseases that they cure. Then Artemisia tea was served to the participants; to some it was the first time, while some already knew it. One participant that was feeling feverish was given the dosage of a full treatment for malaria. Afterwards Dr. Martin took the participants to the garden to identify and describe the medicinal plants. Group Work Participants were asked to read and discuss the passage about malaria (Chapter 5, page 17 in the Handbook). Participants were exposed to the process of harvesting and drying of Carica Papaya and Euphorbia Hirta After supper there was a PowerPoint presentation on Moringa by Rev. Samuel. Day 3 October 12th, 2008 Devotion by Dr. Martin Hirt on Mark 8, 22-26, John 9, 1-7 Jesus was a man of actions and not of discussion, unlike what the Pharisees did. We need darkness to see the light or need diseases from time to time to draw us closer to God. Jesus, the healer, is the friend of the sick. The medicine that Jesus used was locally available. Jesus gives himself and offers his own saliva, he is also a pharmacist. Production of medicine is publicly done in the community. Jesus gave only the dosage needed. The patient contributes, so that the treatment will be valued. Hygiene is very important. Let our success be our publicity and not a signboard on the roadside only. The attitude of Jesus should be ours in the work of anamed. There was a session for questions of the previous day. During break time Group 3 pounded Eucalyptus leaves. Presentation on prevention of malaria by Mrs. Regula Participants were asked to write down the prevention of malaria and also its symptoms.
Presentation on Artemisia by Rev. Samuel The name Artemisia annua anamed (A-3) is derived from Artemisia Name of the Greek Goddess of hunting, chastity and fertility Annua Annual. Artemisia is an annual plant. Anamed Anamed was the first organization to introduce Artemisia annua in the tropical regions of Africa. A-3 is a Hybrid of Artemisia annua. In China Artemisia was used before BC for piles and fever. The immediate action of A-3 that contains artemisinin is more than the ACT (Artemisinin Combination Therapy). Apart from artemisinin, the plant has more than 20 other antimalaria components, so Artemisia tea should be used instead the ACT tablets given in hospitals. Practical Work Participants were taught how to transplant Artemisia seedlings after 2 weeks into bigger nursery beds. They were also taught how to make cuttings from an Artemisia plant. In this process, from young plants that show no signs of flowers, cuttings are taken and put into a container (tray with a net or small jug) with water. As soon as they start to make good roots (about 2 weeks), they can be transplanted into good soil. Artemisia ointment This is used for skin diseases. It can even be prepared with flowering plants. Dr. Martin suggested that about 90 % of YMCA ATC garden should be cultivated with Artemisia and the rest with other medicinal plants. Group work Participants were given a drawing to observe and comment on the appearance of a dispensary and the miss-conduct that took place there. Water Situation at the ATC Dr. Martin suggested that the ATC should dig a well at least 5 m from the shore of the lake and then pump the water into a water tank in the village. In this way the water from the lake would be filtered through the sand and soil. For the well in the village he suggested a hand pump instead the use of the traditional buckets that bring dirt into the water. Making of a water filter: Buy two filter candles in a shop and two plastic buckets and a small tap. Screw the filter candles in one of the buckets and the tap near the bottom of the other bucket. Place it on top of the other bucket. Artemisia for Malaria treatment First, wash your hands properly. Harvest the leaves ot the plants before they start flowering. Get the leaves and wash them properly. Dry in the sun for 2 hours, then dry them in the shade within 3 days. Use a hygrometer to make sure that they are properly dried. Then use a sieve to break them into tiny particles. To make tea, take the required amount of dried leaves, add the required amount of boiling water, let infuse for 15 minutes, then cool to drinking temperature. Improvised Solar Oven The participants were taught how to make a solar oven using a carton and a transparent polythene bag. Put the carton into the transparent polythene bag that has about the same size of the carton. Place a thermometer inside to control the temperature. The proper temperature for drying medicinal plants should not exceed 50 degrees C. Day 4 October 13th, 2008 Devotion by Dr. Martin on Luke 9, 10-17 Jesus welcomed people and preached to them, he healed and gave food. He fed the people with virtually nothing, afterwards, having a leftover of 12 baskets. Nothing was wasted, because everything is very important and holy. So, it should be with all anamed members. The participants translated the song "Rejoice in the Lord always" into Hausa
Group Work Participants looked at a drawing of a village in their handbook and suggested ways of intervention in this village, which is underdeveloped and disorganized. Participants were given seeds of Tephrosia Vogelii that improves soil fertility (it is a leguminous), is drought resistant, not eaten by cows, serves as an insecticide and forms anti-erosion hedges. It is also used as medicine against scabies. Preservation of Medicine There are four ways to preserve medicines
The cheapest way of preservation on medicinal plant is drying Method of making a Solar Oven A Solar Oven can be used for cooking food, drying leaves, sterilizing clothes and baking bread and cakes. Group Work Groups were given a larges sheet of paper with the diagram of a solar oven and were asked to cut the outer borders of the shape of an oven from the piece of paper to construct a paper model of the solar oven. Hygrometer The hygrometer is used to determine the level of humidity in a product. This helps to determine the expiry date of the product. The hygrometer should be adjusted once a year by wrapping it in a wet cloth. If it does not show 100 % after half an hour, it needs to be adjusted by turning the small screw at the back. Hygrometer reading Keeping period 100 % 3 hours Making of a Black stone A black stone is used to treat snakebites, boils, abscesses and infected wounds. There are two ways in which the snake venom reacts in the human body
A black stone is made out of the cow’s thighbone, which is carbonized so it can absorb liquid. Check Natural Medicine in the tropics, page 51. Handle the black stone with care, and used a new or fresh one for every patient. Keep it in a save container to avoid contamination. Process
Caution: Handle the black stone with care and use a new or fresh one for every patient. Keep it in a save container to avoid contamination. Day 5 October 14th, 2008 Devotion by Dr. Martin: Reference to page 55 of the Seminar Handbook. He gave some biblical passages concerning Christian attitudes or approach to natural medicine and development. Dr. Martin gave a special teaching concerning garbage disposal. He said that every household and community should have 3 garbage bins, one for compost, one for paper and one for plastic and metal. They should be emptied regularly into pits. He said that plastics should not be burnt because they will add to the pollution of the environment, instead they should be buried. The compost should be allowed to decompose and so become a very valuable soil for vegetables and medicinal plants. Improvised scale Because of the importance of proper dosage in anamed, Dr. Martin taught the participants how to make a scale. Materials needed: a piece of wood, two containers of the same size, some string or rope, a wire of a bicycle. Remember: a sheet of paper (format A4) is exactly 5 gram. Scabies oil Scabies are little bumps that are itchy. They appear all over the body. They are contagious and are caused by little mites. Ingredients
Mix the Kerosene and the vegetable oil at a ratio of 50:50, then sieve. Apply the oil on the itchy spots twice a day, for three days. Wash all clothing and bedding! Hemorrhoid oil Ingredients
Mix all ingredients together and heat in the solar oven to 100 degree C, sieve and measure. Add melted bees wax or melted candle (10% of the amount of shea butter). Fill into small containers, let cool, label carefully. Some technical tips Oil + plants (dried powdered leaves of medicinal plants) + heat = medicinal oil Medicinal oil + wax = ointment Much medicinal oil + little water + soap + preserving agent = emulsion Much water + little medicinal oil + soap + preserving agent = cosmetic milk Ointment + water + soap + preserving agent = cream Note: the use of preserving agents is prohibited in anamed. In anamed we produce only natural medicinal oils and ointments, the use of preservative agents is not allowed! Rheumatism ointment Ingredients
Mix together, heat in a pot, filter, measure and add 10% of melted bees wax or melted candle. Fill into containers, let cool, label. Note: write on the label: keep away from children. Do not touch eyes. Antifungal ointment Ingredients
Mix and heat in water bath for 1 hour, filter, measure and add 10% of melted bees wax or melted candle. Fill into containers, let cool, label. Lipstick Ingredients
Mix hemorrhoid ointment with bees wax and melt together. When it cools, add a few drops of natural flavor, e.g. lemon grass oil. Fill into lipstick container, let cool. Note: this was the first time that Dr. Martin made lipsticks in his seminar Day 6 October 15th, 2008 Devotion by Dr. Martin. Text: Mark 15:21, Jer. 38:7, Matthew 2:11 Topic: Africans in the Bible. In Mark 15:21 the African is a sign of strength. The Ethiopian in Jeremiah had pity, courage, saved a life and used locally available resources. Many Africans have been able to save situations where the white missionaries lost all hope. Christians should do as the wise men in Matthew did, by talking or sharing our valuables to the poor people. Incense is a sign of religion and it should be shared with people. Myrrh is a sign of medicine. We should take money (wealth), religion and medicine to the people in our communities. Formation and Coordination of anamed groups There is a need for the participants to form a coordinating committee that oversees the activities of the anamed group in Nigeria. Te participants chose Mr. Manasseh Katsa as the coordinator, with Rev. Jacob Maisamari and Mrs. Esther Anthony as adviser. The Principal of YMCA ATC Ikposogye is to serve as the Patron of the group. Healthy living in the Tropics by Dr. Martin The following are the tips for healthy living in the Tropics:
Artificial drinks like Coke and Fanta are harmful to our bodies. Better use Hibiscus flower tea (yakuwa) as a drink. Bleaching of the skin Participants were told to resist the use of mercury soaps. They should also warn other people about the health hazards. When pregnant women use mercury soaps, the mercury enters the body of the fetus and can cause brain and intelligence damage. In the countries of Europe, the use of mercury in soaps is banned, but it is now produced for export in Dubai to African countries. Bleaching creams or soaps contain: Hydroquinone that destroys the melanin Cortisone Mercury Eye Problems Take a leaf of Aloe Vera, wash and dry it carefully. Use a sterilized knife to cut the edges of the leaf away, then slice it and apply the fresh jelly to the eyes for 10 minutes, then wash the eyes. Repeat it 3 times a day. Combat malnutrition
Recipe for a malnourished child:
How to measure malnutrition in a child from 1-5 years: Measure the upper arm. If the circumference is less then 12,5 cm, the child is malnourished Up to 13,5 cm: medium nourished child More then 13,5 cm: well-nourished child All participants received a measuring tape. Diabetes Use Moringa seeds: chew 1 seed 3 times a day. This lowers blood sugar. Treatment of Diarrhea (See Seminar Handbook, page 14ff) Make ORS (Oral Rehydration Solution)
For quantities to be given to the patient: see Seminar Handbook, page 14 Diarrhea Tea 1 handful of Guava leaves Boil with 1 liter water, let cool, drink during the day. For quantities see Seminar Handbook, page 15. If Diarrhea persists, make ORS with Guava/Mango Tea Anamed diarrhea Tea One handful of Guava leaves, Mango leaves, Euphorbia Hirta each. Boil with 1 liter water, cool, drink during the day, for 7 days. Treatment of wounds See Seminar Handbook, page 6ff Authorities for Health Work If questioned by which authority we work: Human Right Convention, Act 25 Alma Ata Declaration of 1978 What your Ministry has put in lace One's faith Day 7 October 16th, 2008 Evaluation, Closing ceremony, handover of certificates. THANKS TO EVERYBODY FOR YOUR PRAYERS AND FINANCIAL CONTRIBUTION! Contact NIGERIA AND CENTRAL NIGERIA: YMCA Department anamed: Edward Anzaku, Executive Secretary, YMCAMadaHills@yahoo.com, Tel. 00234-8036567234 and Manasseh Katsa, YMCA Mada Hills, POB 611, Laffia, manassehkatsa@yahoo.com
SECOND REPORT Report on the anamed Workshop, EYN Gavva, Day 1 Oct. 20th Comparison of modern medicine and traditional medicine Modern medicine is the kind we find in hospitals and chemist's shops. Traditional medicine is the kind we receive from herbal healers. Both kinds have advantages as well as disadvantages.
Anamed Natural Medicine It is the combination of the advantages of modern and traditional medicine. A practitioner of natural medicine is encouraged to strive to understand health in its broadest context. This includes paying attention to quality of drinking water of the community, sanitation (toilets), cleanliness and hygiene, good housing, education, rubbish disposal, animal husbandry and good diet of his patients. Natural medicine is not foremost for making profit, but to help the people in the community. So we should pass on the information we have learned in this workshop. Persons who call themselves Healers: Herbalists: They use medicinal herbs. Anyone who uses herbs to cure a sickness is an herbalist. But when an herbalist resorts to mixing the treatment with some spiritual agents, it becomes problematic. An herbalist is someone who can cure known disease with herbs. Spiritualist or Traditional Priests: They also call themselves healers. They invoke ancestors and offer sacrifices in order to appease the spirits. Magicians of Fetishists: They are people who ask you to wear charms or perform certain tasks as protection against evil. Witchdoctors: They use witchcraft and can put a curse on the victims. They are feared because of their powers. Quacks or charlatans: They pretend to have knowledge of diseases but in reality they do not. When the missionaries came to Africa they deeply distrusted the herbalists/native doctors, because of their activities. This distrust still lingers in the minds of Christians. On the other side, the traditional healer believes that the practitioner of modern medicine exploits his patients, as he does not speak the same language. Medicinal Plants It is very important to know the scientific names of the medicinal plants. Only in this way one can discuss with people from other languages and countries. It is best to record the scientific name of a plant, together with its English and vernacular name. Also record what the plant looks like, where it is found, which part is used and what is it used for, how it is used and the correct dosage and known side effects. Some Examples: Scientific name English Hausa Moringa oleifera Moringa zogale Azadirachta indica Neem tree dogon yaro Carica papaya Pawpaw gwanda Day 2 Oct. 21st 2008 The morning devotion began with songs after which the group studied the pictures on page 52 and 53 of the seminar handbook. The group explained the differences between pictures A and B and pointed out how somebody from village B can be an effective missionary to village A. The following suggestions were given: Consult the head of the village and show him the need to observe the rules of hygiene. Present yourself as a learner and allow the people to teach you. Ask the villagers to list their needs and begin from there. We then studied on p. 55 the Bible passages concerning development. The devotion ended with a song from the song sheet: 'Oh mama, oh baba'. Preventive Medicine Measures we can take to prevent sickness
Balanced diet Good food includes the three main groups of food: Carbohydrates: maize, rice, yams, oil, potatoes etc. Protein: beans, groundnuts, soy beans meat, fish, egusi, beniseed, egg, bambara nuts Vitamins and minerals: all fruits, vegetables like spinach, carrots, cabbage etc. People should not just concentrate on eggs and meat only for protein. They are expensive and often not readily available. There are other kinds of food like beans and groundnuts, that have the same function in the body. The group that needs body building food most are pregnant women, children and sick people. There is a need to change the traditional culture that deprives children and women from eating what their bodies need most. Prevention of Malaria Malaria is such a terrible condition that one must take all necessary precaution to prevent it. On p. 18 of the seminar handbook there is a table of herbal remedies for malaria. How to make tooth powder Ingredients: 3 teaspoons of Eucalyptus leaf powder 1 teaspoon of salt
By which authority anamed operates?
Day 3 Oct. 22nd 2008 Devotion: Mark 8:22-26, John 9:1-7 What we can see in the above texts is Jesus' action. While the disciples are busy discussing or more interested in discussion, Jesus acts. The story also shows the compassion of Jesus. As Christians we need to be compassionate. In the above situations, Jesus uses his hands, acts as a friend to the sick. He creates private atmosphere for his patient. He acts immediately. We need to give attention to the psychological needs of the patient and not just give them medicine and discuss with them. Jesus is a pharmacist and doctor to his patients. He gives himself (his spittle). Jesus uses locally available resources. He makes the medicine himself, applies it on the patient. He gives exact dosage and is concern about hygiene. The patient needs to make an effort himself, e.g. like going to the river to wash. Diarrhoea See Seminar Handbook, p. 12 anamed Scabies Oil See Seminar Handbook, p. 11 Things to do after the anamed workshop Inform the local government or the administration, your pastor or principal of your school of what you have done at the workshop. Also show them some of the materials you have got. Start a demonstration garden, planting one seedling of each medicinal plant you have. In front of each plant make a sign writing the name of the plant (scientific name, English name, Hausa name). Start a medicinal production garden. Each group comes together on Nov. 15th, 2008, Saturday 10h. Each group member brings his/her report, what was accomplished. On Nov. 22nd each group sends a man and a woman to KBC, to report to Franziska Campbell (coordinator), to report what was accomplished and discuss further steps to foster anamed work in EYN. Report written by Miss Safiya Doma Typed by Mrs. Regula Rudolf Contact: NORTH EAST NIGERIA Anamed c/o EYN, Franziska Campbell, franziska.campbell@mission-21.org, Tel. 00234-703 920 8330/ 703 920 8335/ 808 993 9474 |